5G LAN yog dab tsi?

Tus Sau: Ulink Media

Txhua tus neeg yuav tsum paub txog 5G, uas yog kev hloov pauv ntawm 4G thiab peb cov thev naus laus zis sib txuas lus tshiab tshaj plaws.

Rau LAN, koj yuav tsum paub ntau ntxiv txog nws. Nws lub npe tag nrho yog local area network, lossis LAN. Peb lub network hauv tsev, nrog rau lub network hauv chaw ua haujlwm, yog LAN. Nrog Wireless Wi-Fi, nws yog Wireless LAN (WLAN).

Yog li ntawd, vim li cas kuv thiaj hais tias 5G LAN yog qhov nthuav?

5G yog ib lub network cellular dav dav, thaum LAN yog ib lub network data me me. Ob lub thev naus laus zis no zoo li tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam dab tsi.

Hauv lwm lo lus, 5G thiab LAN yog ob lo lus uas txhua tus paub sib cais. Tab sis ua ke, nws me ntsis tsis meej pem. Puas yog?

5G LAN, Nws Yog Dab Tsi Tiag?

Qhov tseeb, 5G LAN, hais yooj yim xwb, yog siv 5G thev naus laus zis los "pab pawg" thiab "tsim" cov davhlau ya nyob twg los tsim ib lub network LAN.

Txhua tus neeg muaj xov tooj 5G. Thaum koj siv xov tooj 5G, koj puas tau pom tias koj lub xov tooj tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav koj cov phooj ywg txawm tias lawv nyob ze (txawm tias ntsib ntsej muag)? Koj tuaj yeem sib txuas lus nrog ib leeg vim tias cov ntaub ntawv ntws mus rau cov servers ntawm koj lub tuam txhab lossis tus neeg muab kev pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem.

Rau cov chaw nres tsheb, txhua lub xov tooj ntawm tes raug "cais tawm" ntawm ib leeg. Qhov no yog raws li kev txiav txim siab txog kev ruaj ntseg, cov xov tooj siv lawv tus kheej cov channel, tsis cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg.

Ib qho LAN, ntawm qhov tod tes, txuas cov terminals (xov tooj ntawm tes, khoos phis tawj, thiab lwm yam) hauv ib cheeb tsam ua ke los ua ib "pawg". Qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog ua kom yooj yim rau kev xa cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib leeg xwb, tab sis kuj tseem txuag tau qhov tawm ntawm extranet.

Hauv LAN, cov terminals tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ib leeg raws li lawv cov chaw nyob MAC thiab nrhiav tau ib leeg (Kev sib txuas lus txheej 2). Txhawm rau nkag mus rau lub network sab nraud, teeb tsa lub router, los ntawm qhov chaw IP, kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua tiav kev xa mus rau hauv thiab tawm (Kev sib txuas lus txheej 3).

Raws li peb txhua tus paub, "4G yuav hloov peb lub neej, thiab 5G yuav hloov peb lub zej zog". Raws li kev siv tshuab sib txuas lus ntawm tes uas nrov tshaj plaws tam sim no, 5G ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm "Internet ntawm txhua yam thiab kev hloov pauv digital ntawm ntau pua kab thiab ntau txhiab lub lag luam", uas yuav tsum tau pab cov neeg siv hauv kev lag luam ntsug txuas nrog.

Yog li ntawd, 5G tsis tuaj yeem tsuas yog txuas txhua lub davhlau ya nyob twg rau huab, tab sis kuj paub txog "kev sib txuas ze" ntawm cov davhlau ya nyob twg.

Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tus qauv 3GPP R16, 5G LAN tau qhia txog qhov tshiab no.

Cov Ntsiab Cai thiab Cov Yam Ntxwv ntawm 5G LAN

Hauv 5G Network, cov thawj coj tuaj yeem hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov ntaub ntawv siv (UDM network elements), kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus kev pabcuam nrog tus lej UE tshwj xeeb, thiab tom qab ntawd faib lawv ua tib pawg lossis sib txawv Virtual network pawg (VN).

Lub ntaub ntawv neeg siv muab cov ntaub ntawv pab pawg VN tus lej xaus thiab cov cai nkag mus rau cov ntsiab lus tswj hwm network (SMF, AMF, PCF, thiab lwm yam) ntawm 5G core network (5GC). Lub NE tswj hwm muab cov ntaub ntawv no thiab cov cai tswjfwm ua ke rau hauv Lans sib txawv. Qhov no yog 5G LAN.

Ib lub 5G LAN txhawb nqa kev sib txuas lus Txheej 2 (tib ntu network, nkag mus ncaj qha rau ib leeg) nrog rau kev sib txuas lus Txheej 3 (hla ntu network, nrog kev pab los ntawm kev taw qhia). Ib lub 5G LAN txhawb nqa unicast nrog rau multicast thiab broadcast. Hauv ntej, hom kev nkag mus sib koom ua ke yog qhov yooj yim heev, thiab kev sib txuas lus yooj yim heev.

Hais txog qhov dav, 5G LAN txhawb kev sib txuas lus ntawm tib UPF (media side network element ntawm 5G core network) thiab ntau UPFs. Qhov no zoo ib yam li kev tawg qhov kev txwv ntawm qhov deb ntawm cov terminals (txawm tias Beijing thiab Shanghai tuaj yeem sib txuas lus).

Tshwj xeeb, 5G LAN tes hauj lwm tuaj yeem txuas rau cov neeg siv cov tes hauj lwm cov ntaub ntawv uas twb muaj lawm rau kev ntsaws thiab ua si thiab kev nkag mus rau ib leeg.

Cov Xwm Txheej Thov thiab Cov Txiaj Ntsig ntawm 5G LAN

5G LAN ua rau muaj kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb 5G tshwj xeeb, ua rau kev tsim lub network LAN txawb tau zoo dua rau cov lag luam. Ntau tus nyeem ntawv yuav nug tias, puas yog kev txav mus los twb ua tau nrog cov thev naus laus zis Wi-Fi uas twb muaj lawm? Vim li cas thiaj xav tau 5G LAN?

Tsis txhob txhawj, cia peb txav mus.

Kev sib txuas lus hauv zos uas siv 5G LAN tuaj yeem pab cov tuam txhab, tsev kawm ntawv, tsoomfwv, thiab tsev neeg sib txuas lus zoo dua nrog cov chaw nres nkoj hauv ib cheeb tsam. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv lub network chaw ua haujlwm, tab sis nws qhov txiaj ntsig ntau dua yog nyob rau hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov chaw tsim khoom ntawm lub tiaj ua si thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm lub network yooj yim ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim khoom xws li kev tsim khoom lag luam, chaw nres nkoj thiab cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob.

Tam sim no peb tab tom txhawb nqa Is Taws Nem kev lag luam. Peb ntseeg tias 5G tuaj yeem ua rau digitalization ntawm cov xwm txheej kev lag luam vim 5G yog ib qho thev naus laus zis sib txuas lus wireless zoo heev nrog bandwidth loj thiab qeeb qis, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav kev sib txuas wireless ntawm ntau yam khoom tsim khoom hauv cov xwm txheej kev lag luam.

Piv txwv li, siv cov thev naus laus zis "industrial bus" los ua kom muaj kev siv tshuab zoo dua, thiab siv tau rau kev tswj cov khoom siv. Muaj ntau hom thev naus laus zis no, uas peb hu ua "txhua qhov chaw".

Tom qab ntawd, nrog rau kev tshwm sim ntawm Ethernet thiab IP thev naus laus zis, kev lag luam tau tsim kev pom zoo, ua ke nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm Ethernet, muaj "kev lag luam Ethernet". Niaj hnub no, tsis hais leej twg yog tus txheej txheem kev sib txuas lus hauv kev lag luam, feem ntau yog Ethernet.

Tom qab ntawd, cov tuam txhab lag luam pom tias cov kev sib txuas xov hlau txwv tsis pub txav mus los ntau dhau - yeej ib txwm muaj "braid" nyob tom qab ntawm lub cuab yeej uas tiv thaiv kev txav mus los dawb.

Ntxiv mus, hom kev sib txuas xov hlau muaj teeb meem ntau dua, lub sijhawm tsim kho ntev, tus nqi siab. Yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog cov khoom siv lossis cable, kev hloov pauv kuj qeeb heev. Yog li, kev lag luam pib xav txog kev qhia txog kev siv tshuab sib txuas lus wireless.

Yog li ntawd, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth thiab lwm yam thev naus laus zis tau nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam.

Yog li, rov qab mus rau lo lus nug dhau los, vim li cas 5G LAN thaum muaj Wi-nkaus?

Nov yog qhov laj thawj:

1. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Wi-Fi networks (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Wi-Fi 4 thiab Wi-Fi 5) tsis zoo li 5G.

Hais txog qhov kis tau tus nqi thiab qeeb, 5G tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg hlau lag luam (kev tswj hwm tus kheej), kev tshuaj xyuas zoo ntse (kev lees paub duab ceev ceev), AGV (lub tsheb thauj khoom tsis muaj neeg tsav) thiab lwm yam xwm txheej.

Hais txog kev npog, 5G muaj thaj chaw npog loj dua Wi-Fi thiab tuaj yeem npog tau zoo dua hauv tsev kawm ntawv. 5G lub peev xwm hloov pauv ntawm cov cell kuj muaj zog dua Wi-Fi, uas yuav coj cov neeg siv kev paub zoo dua.

2. Cov nqi kho lub network Wi-Fi kim heev.

Yuav kom tsim tau ib lub network Wi-Fi hauv ib lub tiaj ua si, cov lag luam yuav tsum tau txuas xov hlau thiab yuav lawv cov khoom siv. Cov khoom siv raug nqi qis, puas tsuaj thiab hloov pauv, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb saib xyuas. Muaj ntau lub cuab yeej Wi-Fi, thiab kev teeb tsa yog qhov nyuaj.

5G txawv. Nws yog tsim thiab tswj los ntawm cov neeg teb xov tooj thiab xauj los ntawm cov tuam txhab (Wi-Fi piv rau 5G zoo li kev tsim koj chav tsev piv rau kev suav huab).

Yog tias muab ua ke, 5G yuav pheej yig dua.

3. 5G LAN muaj cov haujlwm muaj zog dua.

Qhov kev faib pawg VN ntawm 5G LAN tau hais ua ntej lawm. Ntxiv rau kev cais kev sib txuas lus, ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev faib pawg yog kom ua tiav QoS (qib kev pabcuam) sib txawv ntawm cov tes hauj lwm sib txawv.

Piv txwv li, ib lub tuam txhab muaj ib lub chaw ua haujlwm network, ib lub IT system network, thiab ib lub OT network.

OT sawv cev rau Kev Siv Tshuab Ua Haujlwm. Nws yog ib lub network uas txuas cov chaw ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom siv, xws li lathes, robotic caj npab, sensors, instrumentation, AGVs, monitoring systems, MES, PLCS, thiab lwm yam.

Cov tes hauj lwm sib txawv muaj cov kev cai ua haujlwm sib txawv. Qee qhov xav tau latency qis, qee qhov xav tau bandwidth siab, thiab qee qhov muaj cov kev cai tsawg dua.

Ib lub 5G LAN tuaj yeem txhais tau ntau yam kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub network raws li ntau pawg VN sib txawv. Qee lub tuam txhab, nws hu ua "micro slice".

4. 5G LAN yooj yim dua rau kev tswj hwm thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb dua.

Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, cov ntaub ntawv kos npe ntawm tus neeg siv tuaj yeem hloov kho hauv 5G UDM cov chaw nqa khoom kom muab cov neeg siv ua pawg VN. Yog li, peb puas yuav tsum mus rau qhov kev pabcuam rau cov neeg nqa khoom txhua zaus peb xav tau hloov cov ntaub ntawv pawg ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg (koom nrog, rho tawm, hloov)?

Tau kawg tsis yog.

Hauv 5G tes hauj lwm, cov neeg teb xov tooj tuaj yeem qhib qhov kev tso cai hloov kho rau cov thawj coj hauv network los ntawm kev tsim cov interfaces, ua kom muaj kev hloov kho tus kheej.

Tau kawg, cov lag luam kuj tuaj yeem teeb tsa lawv tus kheej cov cai tswjfwm network raws li lawv tus kheej xav tau.

Thaum tsim kom muaj kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, cov tuam txhab lag luam tuaj yeem teeb tsa cov txheej txheem kev tso cai thiab kev lees paub kom tswj hwm cov pab pawg VN nruj me ntsis. Qhov kev ruaj ntseg no muaj zog dua thiab yooj yim dua li Wi-Fi.

Ib qho kev tshawb fawb txog 5G LAN

Cia peb los saib cov txiaj ntsig ntawm 5G LAN los ntawm ib qho piv txwv tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sib txuas lus.

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, ib lub tuam txhab tsim khoom muaj nws lub rooj cob qhia, kab ntau lawm (lossis tshuab dhos), yuav tsum txuas PLC thiab PLC tswj kawg los ntawm lub network.

Txhua txoj kab sib dhos muaj ntau yam khoom siv, kuj ywj pheej. Nws yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev teeb tsa 5G modules ntawm txhua lub cuab yeej hauv kab sib dhos. Txawm li cas los xij, nws zoo li nws yuav kim me ntsis ntawm theem no.

Tom qab ntawd, kev qhia txog 5G industrial gateway, lossis 5G CPE, tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus nqi. Haum rau wired, txuas nrog wired port (Ethernet port, lossis PLC port). Haum rau wireless, txuas nrog 5G lossis Wi-Fi.

Yog tias 5G tsis txhawb 5G LAN (ua ntej R16), nws kuj ua tau kom paub txog kev sib txuas ntawm PLC thiab PLC maub los. Txawm li cas los xij, tag nrho 5G network yog ib qho txheej txheem txheej 3 uas vam khom IP addressing, thiab qhov chaw nyob hauv davhlau ya nyob twg kuj yog ib qho chaw nyob IP, uas tsis txhawb nqa txheej 2 cov ntaub ntawv xa mus. Yuav kom paub txog kev sib txuas lus kawg-rau-kawg, yuav tsum ntxiv AR (Access Router) rau ob sab los tsim kom muaj lub qhov av, encapsulate lub txheej txheem txheej 2 hauv lub qhov av, thiab coj nws mus rau qhov kawg peer.

Txoj kev no tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau qhov nyuaj zuj zus xwb, tab sis kuj ua rau tus nqi nce ntxiv (tus nqi yuav AR router, tus neeg ua haujlwm teeb tsa AR router thiab tus nqi sijhawm). Yog tias koj xav txog lub chaw ua haujlwm uas muaj ntau txhiab kab, tus nqi yuav kim heev.

Tom qab kev qhia txog 5G LAN, 5G network txhawb nqa kev xa ncaj qha ntawm Layer 2 protocol, yog li AR routers tsis tas yuav siv lawm. Tib lub sijhawm, 5G network tuaj yeem muab cov kev rau cov terminals uas tsis muaj IP chaw nyob, thiab UPF tuaj yeem paub txog MAC chaw nyob ntawm cov terminals. Tag nrho lub network dhau los ua ib lub network ib txheej minimalist, uas tuaj yeem sib txuas lus nrog ib leeg ntawm txheej 2.

Lub peev xwm ntsaws thiab ua si ntawm 5G LAN tuaj yeem sib koom ua ke nrog cov neeg siv khoom 'cov tes hauj lwm uas twb muaj lawm, txo qhov cuam tshuam rau cov neeg siv khoom 'cov tes hauj lwm uas twb muaj lawm, thiab txuag tau ntau tus nqi yam tsis muaj kev kho dua tshiab thiab txhim kho dua tshiab.

Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm qhov loj, 5G LAN yog kev koom tes ntawm 5G thiab Ethernet thev naus laus zis. Yav tom ntej, kev tsim kho TSN (lub sijhawm rhiab heev network) thev naus laus zis raws li Ethernet thev naus laus zis tsis tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm kev pab ntawm 5G LAN.

Nws tsim nyog hais tias 5G LAN, ntxiv rau qhov ua rau muaj kev tsim kho lub network sab hauv ntawm lub tiaj ua si, kuj tseem siv tau ua ib qho ntxiv rau lub network kab mob siab rau cov tuam txhab los txuas cov ceg hauv ntau qhov chaw sib txawv.

Lub module rau 5G LAN

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, 5G LAN yog ib qho thev naus laus zis tshiab tseem ceeb rau 5G hauv kev lag luam ntsug. Nws tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj kev sib txuas lus ntiag tug 5G kom muaj zog dua los pab cov neeg siv khoom kom lawv hloov pauv thiab txhim kho digital sai dua.

Yuav kom xa tau 5G LAN zoo dua, ntxiv rau kev txhim kho sab network, kev txhawb nqa 5G module kuj tseem xav tau.

Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm 5G LAN thev naus laus zis tsaws lag luam, Unigroup Zhangrui tau tshaj tawm thawj 5G R16 Npaj baseband chip platform hauv kev lag luam - V516.

Raws li lub platform no, Quectel, lub tuam txhab tsim khoom module ua ntej hauv Suav teb, tau ua tiav tsim ntau lub 5G modules txhawb nqa 5G LAN thev naus laus zis, thiab tau ua lag luam, suav nrog RG500U, RG200U, RM500U thiab lwm yam LGA, M.2, Mini PCIe pob modules.